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Formulaic language refers to linguistic units more complex than dictionary headwords. Terms and definitions for formulae vary in emphasis and in where they describe the limits of formulaic language on a continuum of complexity and on a continuum of variability, yet the general phenomenon is fundamental to how language works. Current approaches to formulaic language generally fall into three main branches: langue‐centered approaches, discourse‐centered approaches, and approaches centered on oral poetry. Terms and definitions for formulaic language are here addressed as research tools that have been used with different aims in a variety of disciplines.